Quark Puzzle

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READ ME | Quark-Puzzle | By Lukas Julian Exner and Sebastian Neubert, LHCb Bonn, [email protected] | CC BY-ND | 1st August 2023 What is it about? The Quark-Puzzle is a visualisation and a teaching ais from the field particle physics which guarantees an inductive approach of principles of hadron physics. Pupils/students/people interested in hadron physics can learn about basic principles of the strong interaction and the Standard Model of particle physics by experimentally and playfully building up hadrons from quarks. Only colour-neutral hadrons can be built. Furthermore, it is not possible to build hadrons that have a top flavour. It is intended that pupils develop their own questions and cognitive conflicts regarding the role of the top quark in the Standard Model, colour-neutrality of hadrons, the electrical charge of the built systems, the difference between two-quark and three-quark systems and quark generations. Content and description The Quark-Puzzle consists of 36 different pieces (quarks), which can be 3d-printed in the six quark-flavours up, down, strange, charm, top, bottom and in their antiparticles. The flavour is symbolised on an outer side (see pictures).Due to the charge of the strong interaction - colour charges - all quarks are present in the three versions, which should be printed in the respective colours/anticolours (red, blue, green for matter; anti-red (cyan), anti-green (pink) and anti-blue (yellow) for antimatter) if possible. Additionally, the colour charge is engraved on the inside of the quark shape. The plug-in mechanism is selected so that only colour-neutral hadrons can be built, which means that the following combinations are possible: Red--Blue--Green (Baryon) Anti-red--anti-blue--anti-green (Anti-Baryon) Anti-red--red (Meson) Anti-blue--blue (Meson) Anti-green--green (Meson) The binding mechanism only dependent on the colour. Since the formation time of hadrons with top flavour is longer than its lifetime, they have not yet been observed. This is considered in the puzzle, since top quarks do not have contacts and thus cannot be built up into hadrons. On the upper side of a quark there is information about the quark generation (circle: first generation; tetrahedron: second generation; square: third generation). The electric charge of a quark is imprinted in another side of the shape.

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QuarkPuzzle
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